Showing posts with label ecclesiology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ecclesiology. Show all posts

Saturday, January 17, 2015

IS IT POSSIBLE TO MEET AS A NEW TESTAMENT CHURCH TODAY? - A Word of Explanation

Have you ever wondered what it would have been like to meet with the first Christians? 

One of the greatest blessings this side of heaven is to gather with others who take God and His Word seriously. We are a group of believers saved by grace through faith in Christ and His finished work (Ephesians 2:8-9) who meet simply around the Lord Jesus, seeking to follow only the directions given in the New Testament. We believe that the church is God's idea. Christians do not meet in congregations merely because it is desirable or helpful, but because the Lord has ordained it (1 Thessalonians 2:14). 

Our Lord Himself first spoke of the church when He declared that He was its builder and would establish it on a sure foundation (Matthew 16:18). He also first spoke concerning the local gatherings of believers (Matthew 18:17). 

There may be some things about a local church like this that would be different to you. We would appreciate a few moments to explain how we meet and why. 

By the way, there are many who meet like this 

You may have heard of names like George Muller, the great man of faith; H. A. Ironside, the famous Bible expositor; Jim Elliot, the intrepid martyr of Ecuador; or W. F. Vine, author of the well-known Dictionary of Expository Words. These met simply according to the pattern found in the New Testament, as thousands do worldwide. There is no division between “clergy” and “laity” in our meetings, because there is no such division in the New Testament. We want to gather simply as Christ's ones in His name recognizing no names that would divide God's people. To be gathered in His name is to meet by His authority, submitting to His Lordship, and following His Word. 

Does the New Testament provide a pattern? 

If you suggested changing any other doctrine, or salvation by faith in Christ, the deity of the Lord Jesus, or the inspiration of Scripture, for example, it would invite strong reaction from Bible-believing churches. But somehow many feel we are free to redesign the church any way it suits us. Yet we have no more right to make a new way of meeting than a new way of salvation. 

At the very outset of the New Testament it is striking that the Lord Jesus and the apostles labored to establish only one institution—the local church. Paul stated, “According to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a wise masterbuilder, I have laid the foundation, and another buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he buildeth thereupon” (1 Corinthians 3:10). The local church lies at the heart of God's program today. Indifference to the doctrine of the church is certainly indifference to the plan of God. Francis Schaeffer writes, “The church did not sit there as a group of believers with no form. The New Testament form is commanded by God. These norms are not arbitrary—they are God's form for the church and they are to be present in the twentieth century as well as in any century”. 

A New Testament assembly takes the Bible as authoritative and complete 

We believe firmly in the historic doctrines of the church. However, rather than subscribing to man-made creeds, rules, and constitutions, we find the Word of God to be the only infallible statement of Christian faith and practice (2 Timothy 3:16). The Scriptures should be appealed to directly in a gracious and humble spirit (2 Timothy 2:25) to settle all disputes, give directives to the assembly, and provide the basis for all public and private ministry. 

A truly scriptural assembly should be composed only of true believers 

By this we mean people who, believing the gospel, have experienced the miracle of new birth, and know themselves to be “children of God by faith in our Lord Jesus Christ” (Galatians 3:26). We are “not ashamed of the gospel” (Romans 1:16) and seek to share it with others. 

Unconverted people cannot truly participate in worship or other holy activities of the church, nor could they be expected to support its testimony by holy living. Christians are exhorted not to be unequally yoked with unbelievers (2 Corinthians 6:14-18), although we should do good to them and show them by our lives that we belong to the Lord Jesus. 

Christ is the gathering center 

Although a local church is a gathering of like-minded believers, no fellowship based on people will work. “Truly our fellowship,” said John, “is with the Father, and with His Son Jesus Christ” (1 John 1:3). Matthew 18:20 states: “For where two or three are gathered together in My name, there am I in the midst of them”. 

It is so easy to be distracted from Christ, to find ourselves gathering to a preacher, a set of doctrines, a sacrament, or form of church government. This is very different from being gathered to Christ. We want to recognize His headship (Colossians 1:18) in our assembly practically. We believe He deserves this, for it is His church: “Christ also loved the church, and gave Himself for it” (Ephesians 5:25). 

The Lord's Supper occupies a central place 

As the early Christians did, we come together on the first day of each week to “break bread” (Acts 2:42; 20:7). Being a divine appointment, it should never be relegated to a secondary place, or treated as a matter of occasional obedience. It is to be a time of calling our Lord to mind and declaring His death for us. It is observed not as a sacrament administered by a clergyman, but celebrated as described in 1 Corinthians 11. The prime purpose of this time is not to minister to the saints, as in other meetings of the church, but to minister to the heart of God through appropriate reading of scriptures, worshipful hymns, and prayers expressing to God the worthiness of our Saviour. 

What about baptism? 

The word “baptism” is the English form of the Greek word hoptizo, which means to submerse or immerse. All converted people in New Testament times were baptized before taking their place in a local church (see Acts 2:41; 8:12). Christ had commanded that this should be done (Matthew 28:19). The same pattern is observed by scriptural assemblies today. Converts should be taught that baptism is the symbol of their being buried with Christ, and rising (as He rose) to walk “in newness of life” (Romans 6:1-11). 

The Holy Spirit represents Christ on earth 

Of course, it is not enough to recognize the truths of Scripture if we do not act on them. Many claim to be Bible-believing churches, and we thank God for that. But we must seek also to be a Bible-obeying church by the work of the Spirit of God in us. It is of the utmost importance that the Holy Spirit be given His place in the local assembly. His power is the only power for worship, ministry, or evangelism. It is easy to displace Him by substituting human arrangements. It is common in many congregations to have one man to preside as minister or pastor, with activities under his control. However it is the Spirit who is to direct the saints in their meetings (1 Corinthians 12 and 14). 

For the guidance of the assembly, elders are appointed by the Spirit 

From Acts 20:17-38, we see that the terms “elders” (v. 17) and “overseers” (bishops, see margin, v.28) are used of the same individuals and are applied to those who “take heed...to the flock” (v.28). In other words, elders, overseers (or bishops), and pastors (or shepherds) are all describing the same workers in the church. Elder emphasizes their maturity; overseer emphasizes their responsibility; shepherd emphasizes their ministry to heed, lead, and feed the local flock. These men (the words are always used in the plural) are to fulfill the qualifications given in 1 Timothy 3 and Titus 1. Our elders are to be respected, prayed for, and obeyed (Hebrews 13:7,17). 

There is no difference in value between men and women, but there are distinct roles 

The work of Christ has removed all human distinctions of privilege (Galatians 3:28). And every believer, whether male or female, is a priest to God (Hebrews 13:15). As holy priests (1 Peter 2:5) and royal priests (1 Peter 2:9), we can worship and witness all we desire. 

But as in the home, men and women are given distinct roles in the church. Church order, like chronological or alphabetical order, has nothing to do with importance. It has been established by God so “all things [are] done decently and in (according to the) order” (1 Corinthians 14:40). 

Men are to come to church meetings prepared to function publicly as the Spirit leads, representing God to the assembly in the ministry of the Word (1 Peter 4:10-11) or representing the assembly to God in prayer and praise. This is to be done carefully so everyone can add “Amen” (1 Corinthians 14:16). The women are free to speak to the Lord all they wish, however they must do it silently. (They are only silent as far as we are concerned. God hears them, as He does the men who are praying silently). Thus the women have free access to pray and worship as the men do, but are not to usurp authority from the men or act in the church as a representative (1 Corinthians 14:34; 1 Timothy 2:11-12). 

Why do the women wear the head covering? 

God's glory is to be seen alone in the assembly of the saints. In order to do this, the men remain uncovered by not having long hair and by removing any head coverings, because the man is “the image and glory of God” (1 Corinthians 11:7). Any covering on the man would veil God's glory. The women, however, are the stewards of the coverings. 

There are two competing glories in the church. “The woman is the glory of the man” (1 Corinthians 11:7). And “if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her” (1 Corinthians 11:15). Because there are two symbolic glories to be covered, there must be two coverings. The first covering [Gk., penhobion] is the woman's long hair (v. 15b) to hide the glory of the man (the woman herself). The second covering [Gk., katakalupto] is to hide her glory—her own hair. In this way, God's authority is declared in the church. By it the men are reminded that, in their ministry, their glory is to be hidden. The angels are also instructed by it (1 Corinthians 11:10). 

What about membership? 

Strictly speaking, the only church membership spoken about in the New Testament refers to the act of placing a new believer into the Body of Christ. This happens the moment one is saved (1 Corinthians 12:27; Ephesians 5:30). We have no member's list, but do receive into fellowship those whom Christ has already received (Romans 15:7; 16:1-2). The whole assembly is happy to receive all who confess Jesus Christ as personal Saviour and Lord; and have a consistent Christian life and testimony. 

Being received into this fellowship means you are ready to embrace the privileges of local church life and willing to accept your responsibilities with us. These include regular attendance at the meetings of the church (Acts 2:42; Hebrews 10:25). The exercise of your gift for the up-building of others (1 Peter 4:10). Submitting to one another, especially in obedience to the elders (Hebrews 13:17), and sharing as the Lord enables you in the financial needs of the assembly (1 Corinthians 16:1-2; 2 Corinthians 9:7) as an act of worship (Hebrews 13:16). You will notice that funds are not solicited, especially not from unbelievers (3 John 1:7). 

But there is so much more! 

Obviously in a paper like this it is not possible to deal fully with all the issues involved in church life. But as we seek the truth in God's Word, the Holy Spirit delights to show us more. The Apostle Paul stated the two-fold wonder of God's blessings to the human race: “Unto me, who am less than the least of all saints, is this grace given, that I should preach among the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ; And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ” (Ephesians 3:8-9). 

May the Lord help us all to enter more fully into these twin treasures: what we have in the cross of Christ and what we have in the church of Christ!




Tuesday, January 13, 2015

WHAT CHURCH SHOULD I JOIN?

What Church Should I Join?

Many of you here tonight have recently been converted to God. A few weeks ago you were asking the all-important question “What must I do to be saved?” And this you had answered by the Word of God telling you, “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved” (Acts 16: 31). You have believed, and you are saved, for God was as good as His Word. As young believers, other inquiries now rise among you, and among these, as some of you have expressed it, is the question:

What Church should I join? Or where, and with whom, can I have Christian fellowship?

This is a very important question, and I am glad to know that many of you are deeply exercised before God about it. Next to your soul's salvation and your individual walk with Him, nothing can be of more importance than to be guided aright in the matter of “Church Fellowship”. Your decision in this will have an abiding effect on your afterlife, either for good or evil. Many seem to think it does not matter much where they go, or with whom they have fellowship, provided they get on smoothly; and consequently they make it a matter of their own choice, “what Church they join”. Or, as it happens very often, they just drop in where they have been in the “habit” of going, and where, perhaps, their parents are “Members”. Now this would be all right, if God had left it an “open question”—a thing to “please themselves” about. But if He has given His will on the matter, it surely becomes every one of His people to find out what that is, and then unhesitatingly to do it.

In seeking to answer your question—”What Church should I join?” I would impress upon my own soul and yours, the absolute necessity of being guided wholly and solely by the Word of God. Men's ideas and advises are of no use here; not even the counsel of a pious parent. The Word of God, and that alone, must answer the question. And this makes it at once simple and easy; for if God has told me in His Word where, and with whom I am to have Church Fellowship, it ceases to be a question of what I think or what my friends think, or what any man says, and becomes a question of “What saith the Lord?” Where does He say I am to be, and where does He forbid me to go? That's the point to get settled first of all. And then, no matter how much opposition may arise to hinder you, or how much failure there may be around you, you'll have the consciousness that you stand where God has commanded you, and have in your soul the testimony that you are pleasing Him. And what can be put into the balance against that? Nothing, no, nothing! For if you have the witness that you are pleasing God, and that He is on your side, it will make you as bold as a lion, even if earth and hell be engaged against you.

We will open the Book then—the precious Book-the “lamp to our feet”—the “light to our path”—and see what God says about the Church, and who they are that compose it. When once we get to know this, there will not be so much difficulty left about the “joining”.

First of all then—the word “Church” is never used in the Scriptures as the name of a building used for religious purposes, as many of us from our childhood have been accustomed to use it. It is always used in connection with persons, and signifies “called out” ones. Turn to Acts 20:28. There we read of “the Church of God, which He hath purchased with His own blood”; and again, “Christ . . . loved the Church and gave Himself for it” (Ephesians 5:25).

Here we see Whose the Church is, and at what a cost it was purchased. It is the “Church of God” not the Church of a nation, a country, a creed, or a person, but “of God”; purchased by the precious blood of Christ, and the object of His everlasting love. Like the merchantman seeking goodly pearls, who, when he had found one pearl of great price, sold all to buy it. The Lord Jesus gave Himself to obtain the Church for His Bride, to be the sharer of His glory forever. It is spoken of in the New Testament (and not found in the Old at all, save in-type) under the figures of a Body, a Temple, a House, a Bride, and a City. It is called the Body of Christ, the Temple of God, the House of God, the Bride of the Lamb, and the Holy City, New Jerusalem (see Ephesians 2:22-23; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 1 Timothy 3:15; Revelation 21:2-9).

Of His Body, Christ risen and glorified is the one and only Head. For God hath made “Him to be the Head over all things to the Church which is His Body” (Ephesians 1: 22-23); and, “He is before all things, and by Him all things consist, and He is the Head of the body the Church” (Colossians 1:17-18). To Him the Church is called to be in subjection, as the wife is to her husband, (Ephesians 5:23-24) and to Him alone.

No Pope or Archbishop, no Council, or Assembly, has any divine warrant to legislate for the Church of God. They have never been called to issue bulls, frame canons, or devise laws outside the Word of God, for her obedience. Her Head yet lives, seated at the right hand of God, to nourish, sustain, and rule His Body. The Spirit of God dwells within each member, uniting them to the Living Head and the Word of God containing all His counsel is in our hand. What more need we?

As there is but one Head, so also is there but one Body (Ephesians 4:4). It is composed of many members, differing in rank and attainment, even as in our natural bodies we have the eye, the hand, the foot; but though many members, yet only one Body (1 Corinthians 12:20). “for by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body” (1 Corinthians 12:13). Each member has a place and sphere assigned to him by God. The unity is God-made, and God-sustained. Man never formed it, and he can never break it, because its keeping is in the hands of God-it is divine. By forming many and varied sects, man may ignore or deny this unity; but that in no way annuls it. The Church, viewed as the Body of Christ, is one in spite of all man's failure and schism. It embraces every child of God, north, south, east, and west, by whatever name they may be known among men. They are all redeemed by the same precious blood. They are sealed and indwelt by the same Spirit, and encircled and enlocked by the same Almighty Arms of Love. And they are to be in the same glorious home throughout eternity. These are everlasting links between saint and saint and they shall know no decay, though, sad to say, they are oftentimes disowned here, while others of man's making take their place.

Dear young believer, this is the Church as spoken of in the Scriptures. Begun on the day of Pentecost by the descent of the Holy Ghost— at present being gathered out from the nations of the earth through the preaching of the Gospel. Having no earthly inheritance or potentate—separate— alike from Jew and Gentile—One New Man—One Holy Church—the Bride of Christ— to be completed and presented to Him when He comes.

Of this Body (the only one mentioned in the Scriptures) you are already a “member” you have already been “joined” to it. Nothing on your part can make you any more a member than you at present are. And you cannot “unchurch” yourself. By the act of God you became a member of the Church which is Christ's body on the day of your conversion, and you'll continue so for all eternity. Hallelujah!

Part of the members of this Church are now absent from the body, and “present with the Lord”. Others are for the present, living in the world among men, and must needs live in some city, town, or country. It is not the will of God that they should remain isolated one from another, for His Word has said—”Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of some is” (Hebrews 10:25). The Christ-life within each of them also craves for fellowship with other members in whom the same life dwells, for “we are members one of another”. Their association must therefore be one of life, and not mere outward uniformity—and the dead— that is the unconverted cannot have any share in it, for what fellowship has life with death, or light with darkness? Clearly none whatever. Therefore it is impossible that anything like true fellowship can exist in those Churches where the living and the dead—the children of God and the children of the Devil—are massed together. God distinctly forbids that such should be, in the words-”Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers; for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness and what communion hath light with darkness…Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate, saith the Lord” (2 Corinthians6: 14-17). The tares and the wheat are to grow side by side in the world until the end. The field is the world and not the Church. See Matt. 13.38) But in the Church of the living God the unsaved should have no place: they ought to be “without” (see 1 Thessalonians 4:12; Colossians 4:5).

It was so at the beginning. We find in the New Testament there were local Churches, such as the Church at Jerusalem (Acts 8:1), the Church at Corinth (1 Corinthians 1:12), the Churches of Galatia (Galatians 1:2), and the Church in the house of Nymphas (Colossians 4:15). These Churches consisted of believers, and believers only. They were gathered into a divinely constituted fellowship, in subjection to Christ as Lord, the pattern of which remains for us to follow. They received all* whom the Lord had received, even those who were “weak” and required “support” (see Romans14:1; 1 Thessalonians5:14); and to have been narrower than this they would have become a sect. In their assemblies they worshipped God, guided by the Spirit (1 Corinthians 14.); they observed the Lord's Supper on the first day of the week, (Acts 20: 7) but we hear no word of any “presiding minister” or “elder” at the head of the table. They owned and received the gifts of the risen Christ—evangelists, pastors and teachers; but they did not choose, elect, or ordain their own ministers. Nor was there any such person known in these Churches as the modern “minister”, who is chosen by the congregation to do all the preaching, teaching, and shepherding of the flock. At Antioch there were five teachers (Acts 13:1), and at Philippi several Bishops (Phil.1:1) in one church. How would that do now-a-days? What would become of “the minister”? These Churches owned and obeyed those whom God had fitted to rule (Hebrews13: 7-17) They exercised godly discipline towards the erring, and if any one among them became guilty of holding and teaching evil doctrine (Revelation2: 17-20), or of immoral practice (1 Corinthians 5: 11), they put away the offender.

[The only warrant for the rejection or exclusion of any believer from Church-fellowship is, that he be guilty of any of those sins specified in Scripture for which God excludes him (see 1 Corinthians 5: 11-13; Romans 16: 17; Titus 3:10).]

Such are a few of the characteristic features of the Churches mentioned in Scripture, and they are the patterns of what Churches ought to be till the Lord come. I have no more right to devise a new order or fellowship in the Church of God, than I have to make a new way of salvation. God has given both in His Word, and it endureth forever.

When any one was converted he did not require to ask, “What Church should I join?” for there was only one Church in each place, and he there and then became identified with it.

For example, in Jerusalem there were one hundred and twenty disciples on the day of Pentecost in an upper room. Three thousand more were converted, and we read, ”the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls,…and all that believed were together” (Acts 2:41-44). And this was not only on the “special occasion” of that “great Revival”, but ”they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread and in prayers” (Acts 2:43), “and of the rest durst no man join himself unto them” (Acts 5:13).

There were no unconverted “young communicants”, no “dead members” in that Church. They “durst not join themselves to them”, The ungodly Jews carried on their religion in the temple headed by the high priest and his “colleagues”, who condemned the Son of God, even as the unconverted religious people do now in their churches and chapels. But the young converts could have had no fellowship with such persons, and I'm sure neither would you. Like Saul of Tarsus, you would have gone to the disciples, and been received to their fellowship as he was (see Acts 9:2-28). You see your path would have been plain then. It is very different now. Numerous sects are spread over the face of the earth. The church and the world are mixed up together, and when God's newborn babes open their eyes, it is not to look upon the Church as it was in the beginning, but Sect after sect is named after their founder, their creed, or their country. And all contending for the mastery—who'll be the greatest.

What is to be done? That's the point: and we must fairly face it. Here in —, you have most of the leading sects represented, and you wish to know which of them you ought to join. Well, the simplest answer to your question is, “Which of them is according to the Word of God? Which of them answers to the pattern given in the Book?”

Let us test them and see. The leading churches are far from the mark. They allow the unconverted to sit at the Lord's Table—there can be no doubt about that. If you question this, just go up to some of them and ask the plain and legitimate question, “Is your soul saved?” and you'll see. They choose their own ministers, some of which are unconverted beyond all doubt. They have one man set up who acts as evangelist, pastor, and teacher, and for this he receives a stated salary— in short, is “hired” to do the people's religion. He says all the prayers, gives out all the hymns and does all the preaching. No matter who else may be called of God to speak or pray while they are at “public worship”, they dare not do it, else they would be turned out. The Holy Ghost must act through “the minister”, or not at all. And all this honour is conferred upon him, because he is an “ordained man”. That is, because the hands of some other of his fellow ministers were once laid upon his head, in imitation of the apostles—which most honest men now see to be a sham. These are serious obstacles to anyone whose desire is to please God and obey His Word, by “joining”, or having church fellowship in such places, are they not? Then there are others, who make “water baptism” the door of admission into the church, and have no room for the Spirit's guidance in worship or the exercise of all God's gifts in ministry. This is sectarian, and apart from the Word of God. Others gather on “the ground of the one body”, and exclude many of God's people who are walking in the truth. This is highly sectarian, and strongly condemned in the Word of God (see 3 John 10). What then is to be done? Where can we go? Must we out of many evils “choose the least”? Certainly not! We must have the right thing—the God-appointed church fellowship and order, or none. Surely nothing less will satisfy a true-hearted saint who wants to do the will of God in this matter.

Well, then, find out if there are any believers gathering in the name of the Lord Jesus, and having Him in their midst, according to Matt 18:20. Who have left all Sects and parties, with their names, creeds, and traditions, because they are contrary to Scripture, and who have returned to the first principles of the Church of God. Who have no name but that of Christ; who are gathered according to the divine pattern, who have room for the exercise of all His gifts, liberty for all the operations of His Spirit, and have His Word alone for their creed. This is what is commanded in the Book, —this is what we see was practiced in the early churches—and this is your place. Shrink not from taking it, and when you have taken it, “continue steadfastly” in it—hold it fast. Those so gathering may be but a “little flock”; poor and despised compared with the crowd of religious professors around them. But Jesus says, “Where two or three are gathered together in My name there am I in the midst”; and surely it is better to be where He is, than in the crowd without Him.

Let those who thus gather make no pretensions to be “the only people of God”, for this they are not, so long as there are saints in the sects around them who nevertheless are dear to God, and will be in the same heaven for all eternity. Let us love such as brethren, who are one with us in Christ, although the systems they are mixed up in we must ignore. And having gained the right position in Church fellowship, let us live in the right condition in fellowship with God, and so walk among men as to commend the truth to every man's conscience in the sight of God. May He help us individually so to do. Amen. [By John Ritchie].






Tuesday, January 6, 2015

MARKS OF A NEW TESTAMENT CHURCH - How should a New Testament church function?

The word "church" in the New Testament does not refer to a building where professing Christians gather, or to a denomination. The Scriptures use this word to speak of those who have been "called out of the world by God". The New Testament Church is really an "Assembly" of "called-out-ones." Those who have been called unto the Lord Jesus Christ and out of this world (1 Peter 2:9). 

With the spread of the Gospel many "local assemblies" of Christians were formed. In the beginning the apostles provided teaching and guidance to the churches (Acts 2:42). While we do not have such men in the Church today, we do have their ministry in the inspired Word of God to guide us. This should lead us to ask, "According to Scripture, how should a local New Testament church function?" Let's consider this question briefly. 

The Berean Attitude Paul said of the Bereans, "they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so" (Acts 17:11). This must be our attitude as we approach the question under consideration. Our reasonings, experiences, and traditions must not direct our thinking, but must give way to God's Word. "What saith the Scriptures" must be our chief and only concern. 

Marks of a New Testament Assembly 

As we read through the New Testament we see four things which marked the early New Testament churches. These will still be present in any assembly which is functioning in accordance with God's Word today. 

1) The Scriptures will be its Charter

2) The Saints will be its Circumference
3) The Savior will be its Center
4) The Spirit will be its Conductor

Let's briefly consider these marks of a New Testament church.

1. The Scripture Will Be It’s Charter 

And they continued stedfastly in them apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers (Acts 2:42). 


Living by Faith 


Much has been written concerning the need for Christians to live by faith, and yet many have little idea of what it really means. Many view faith as a force by which we can make things happen which are normally beyond our natural ability. Others simply see faith as believing in the unseen and often speak of "blind faith". 


Biblical faith is related to God's Word. "So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God" (Romans 10:17). It is "believing God when He speaks". It is taking God at His Word. 


The Bible contains many accounts of individuals who took God at His Word, often doing what was contrary to human reasoning (Isaiah 55:8). The eleventh chapter of Hebrews records many accounts of individuals who took God at His Word and acted accordingly. 


Living by faith is simply living by God's Word and letting it guide our thinking and our actions, despite what the world around us may think or say. Despite too what our own minds and hearts may think and desire. 


We must not allow human reasoning to have greater weight than God's Word. Paul spoke of this when he said, "Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ (2 Corinthians 10:5). 


The word "imaginations" means our "reasonings." The reasonings of the natural man are contrary to God's thoughts. Thus we often rationalize, or explain away God's Word. What we really do is reject His Word. This rejection of God's Word results in disobedience. 


One of the most well known passages in Scriptures regarding disobedience is found in 1 Samuel chapter 15. Saul was instructed by God, through the prophet Samuel, to destroy all the Amalekites and all their animals. Rather than taking God at His Word, Saul disobeyed God and spared king Agag and the best of the animals. 


When confronted by Samuel, Saul rationalized his behavior by declaring his intention of offering the animals to the Lord. At this point Samuel tells Saul one of the great principles of Scripture regarding obedience to God's Word. 


"Hath the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams" (1 Samuel 15:22). 


The great lesson for us to learn is that "when God has spoken on a matter there is never justification for deviating from His expressed will." Not even with good intentions! God wants us to obey His Word by faith, even when it means giving up some "good idea" of ours. God wants our obedience to His Word above all else! Even above "results!" In God's thinking, "the end does not justify the means!" 


Assembly Faith 


We generally think of "living by faith" with regard to the individual Christian; however, the Church, and in particular, the local assembly must also live by faith. If a local gathering of Christians is to function properly it must do so in accordance with God's Word. It too must live by faith! It too must be obedient! 


Like the reformers, the local assembly of God's people must say, "Solo Scriptura!" -"Only the Scriptures!" The ideas and practices of man must be set aside and the Scriptures, particularly the New Testament teachings on the Church, must be our sole guide for faith and practice. 


We must remember that "man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart" (1 Samuel 16:7). We tend to look at the external appearance of a church. We look at its size, programs and activities, and facilities to make our judgments. The Head of the Church, Christ, looks on the heart of the local assembly (Revelation 2-3). He sees its works, but also knows that despite all of its programs He may not have first place (Revelation 2:2-4; 3:20). He also sees beyond what the world would consider weak and appreciates obedience to His Word (Revelation 3:8). 


In the infant New Testament Church they "continued stedfastly (persevered) in the apostle's doctrine (teaching)" (Acts 2:42). The apostle's teachings are recorded as part of inspired Scripture for us today. These give us the PLAN for the Church. These show and tell us how the Church functioned in its purest state. Could we follow any better plan today? 


Are the Scriptures the sole guide for the local church where you fellowship, or have man's reasonings and traditions been given greater importance? Is there a willingness to change current practices if they do not conform to Scripture, or is the deviation from God's Word simply rationalized away? 


One mark of a New Testament church is that the Scriptures are its only charter


One, writing in 1904, said, "What Christians have to do in the present day of Church crisis and Church difficulty is to take their eyes off every man, and every system man set up, seek to learn what God says about His Church in His Word. I believe that today God would turn His people back again to the Holy Scriptures for light and guidance as to the Church." This is certainly no less true today! 


2. The Saints Will Be It’s Circumference 


And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers (Acts 2:42). 


The local assembly is to be made up of believers. We read of the early assembly, "And all that believed were together... (Acts 2:44), and "the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul" (Acts 4:32). 


The primary functions of the local assembly are given to us in Acts 2:42. They are teaching, worship, and prayer. Christians gather to be edified through the teaching of God's Word. 


They gather too for corporate worship as they remember the Lord in the Breaking of Bread. They also come together to pray as a church. It is not simply a gathering of individuals who pray, but the church comes together to pray together, as a unit (see Acts 4:23-31). 


The New Testament never presents the idea that the church is to be attractive to unbelievers, or to be a gathering center for them. This is simply the product of man's reasoning and has resulted in many local churches becoming worldly, and in a failure to go out with the Gospel. The unbelievers are invited to come in, while the saints fail to go out (Acts 1:8). 


In far too many cases the testimony of a local assembly has been lost, as over time the number of unbelievers became greater than the number of believers and eventually determined the direction the fellowship would take. 


Now there were no denominations in the early church. These came about as men became followers of men (1 Corinthians 1:10-17). Today the Body of Christ is divided into many different groups. Some have taken the name of a man (Lutherans), others have taken the name of an ordinance (Baptists), others have rallied around a phenomenon (Charismatics), still others have taken a name in accordance with their church structure (Episcopalians). The list could go on and on. 


In a New Testament assembly the only circumference will be saints-Christians who make a profession of faith in Jesus Christ as their personal Savior. As such, all believers in Jesus Christ are welcomed. 


The assembly will be a PARTNERSHIP of believers. The word "fellowship" in Acts 2:42 is a noun and comes from a root word meaning "partners" (Luke 5:10). The local assembly will be a partnership of believers in Jesus Christ. Each partner in the partnership will contribute to it as enabled of the Lord (1 Corinthians 12:18), and the partnership, the assembly, will care for the individual saint. It will truly be "One for all, and all for one". 


The idea of the local assembly being a supermarket to which saints come to get what they want, when they want it, and simply pay someone to manage it is foreign to Scripture. Such an organization is also the product of the natural mind. 


This partnership could be described as a family. A family made up of brothers and sisters in the Lord. As such the members of the family will be very close, such as we read concerning the early church, "And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul" (Acts 4:32). 


This spiritual partnership could also be looked at as a body, with each member of the body contributing to its operation as enabled of the Lord (1 Corinthians 12:18). This body, while organized, is not an organization, but an organism. It is a living and functioning body of believers. 


The only names given to those in this fellowship will be those which Scripture gives-brethren, brothers, sisters, saints, believers, etc.. There will be no titles or positions given to men which are not in accordance with Scripture. There will be none who are "over" the saints... There will be no special class known as the "clergy" All will be viewed simply as brothers and sisters in Christ and one's social status, education, or title will have no bearing on their place in the local assembly. 


Now while the saints are its circumference, and all Christians are to be welcomed, this circumference is not only "inclusive", but "exclusive" as well. As stated previously, those who make no profession of faith in Jesus Christ are to have no part in this partnership. However, there are professing Christians who may have to be placed outside the circumference as well. The local assembly is not to ignore sin and thus it may become necessary to administer discipline. In accordance with Scripture, individual believers may have to be placed outside the fellowship for a variety of reasons. 


So while the local assembly is to be "opened" to all believers, it is to be "closed" to unbelievers and those believers who are in need of discipline. [It should be remembered that the ultimate aim of such discipline is always restoration to fellowship (2 Corinthians 2: 1-8)]. 


Is your local assembly a partnership of believers or is it a supermarket managed by a supervisor? Does it recognize all believers in Jesus Christ as brothers and sisters in Christ with no special titles or positions? Is it open to all believers and closed to those who make no profession of faith in Christ? Does it administer discipline in order to maintain its testimony to the Name of Christ? 


One mark of a New Testament assembly will be that the Saints will be its Circumference. 


3. The Savior Will Be It’s Center 


And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers (Acts 2:42). 


The Church faces great dangers from without. There are many who would bring in false teaching concerning the Person of Christ and the way of salvation. However, there is also great danger from within. Paul warned the Ephesian elders of both of these dangers when he spoke to them for the last time. 


"For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock. Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them" (Acts 20:29, 30). 


There is always the danger that the saints will be drawn away from Christ. Even the church itself, with all its programs and activities, can take the place of Christ. 


This is exactly what the Head of the Church said to the church at Ephesus. He was well aware that they had all their doctrine right and protected the assembly from false teachers, but He then adds, "Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love" (Revelation 2:4). 


Later, speaking to the Laodicean church, a picture of the professing church at the end of the Church Age, He speaks of their blindness to their true condition. They thought things were wonderful, when in fact Christ was on the outside of the church looking in (Revelation 3:14-20). 


Remember Me 


Christ is to be the center of the church (Matthew 18:20). He is to have the preeminence in all things (Colossians 1:18). So that the saints would not get their eyes off of Him and unto other men or things, the Lord instituted the Lord's Supper and asked the saints to come together and remember Him in the breaking of bread (1 Corinthians 11:23-26). 


Now the breaking of bread was not a means of grace, nor was it simply added on to the end of another meeting of the local church. In Acts 20:7 we are clearly told that the early church came together on the first day of the week specifically to "break bread." They were to remember, or draw the Lord to mind as they partook of the bread and the cup. It was not some hasty thing which brought a special grace to the partakers. It was time of reflection and certainly as they reflected they worshipped! 


One mark of a New Testament assembly will be that they will come together on the first day of the week to take time to reflect on Christ and to respond with worship. It will be a time of giving to the Lord, unlike when it comes together to hear a message from the Lord. [Notice that Paul's preaching was in addition to the breaking of bread. The breaking of bread was not added to the end of Paul's message.] 


Now we must be aware that the mere formality of breaking bread on the first day of the week is not in itself evidence of spirituality. The Lord spoke of those who "draweth nigh unto me with their mouth, and honoureth me with their lips; but their heart is far from me (Matthew 15:8). Worship is the overflow of a heart which has been occupied with Christ throughout the days preceding the first day of the week. Let us not assume, as Israel did with the ark, God's approval simply because of the presence of the bread and cup. 


However, let us not assume that it is not necessary to remember the Lord in the breaking of bread each Lord's Day, for the risen Lord Himself made His desire known very clearly (1 Corinthians 11:23-36). 


The Headship of Christ 


But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God (1 Corinthians 11:3). 


Christ is to be the One to Whom the church gathers and as such it is to recognize Him as the Head of the Church (Ephesians 1:22; Colossians 1:18). No man is to take His place and put himself over the church. The Head of the Church has given gifted men to the Church to build up the saints (Ephesians 4:11), but these men are not to rule over the saints. Those whom the Holy Spirit raises up as leaders are to function among the saints, not "over" them as a special class (Acts 20:28; 1 Peter 5:2). 


The order of headship which God established in creation, with Adam as head of the human race, was lost in the Fall. The wonderful story of the Bible is that this order has been restored in "new creation" under Christ (1 Corinthians 11:3). This order of headship under Christ, with the man [the visible representative of Christ] being head over the woman [a picture of the church], is to be seen in the Church. [That this order does not imply inferiority of the woman can be seen in the fact that Christ, Himself God, voluntarily placed Himself under God in order to accomplish our redemption.] 


The mark of a New Testament assembly will be that it practices this order of headship in accordance with the teaching of the New Testament Scriptures. Men are to lead the local church, in guiding it (1 Timothy 3:1-11) and instructing it (1 Timothy 2:11-14; 1 Corinthians 14:34). 


This order of headship is also to be demonstrated in the church by the uncovered head of the man and the covered head of the woman. This was not simply a cultural practice, but is rather a reminder to the saints and a declaration to the angels of the wonderful story of redemption and the restoration of God's order in New Creation. [Keep in mind that the angelic hosts can not read our hearts as God does, but look on the outward appearance!] The uncovered head of the man and the covered head of the woman demonstrate the church's submission to God's order of headship. 


The Spirit Will Be It’s Conductor 


And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers (Acts 2:42). 


The early New Testament church came together to pray together. They were united in their prayer. 'They lifted up their voice to God with one accord" (Acts 4:24). There were no prayer books. No prearranged program as we see so often today. The assembly was like an orchestra and the Spirit of God was the Conductor. 


We might note here that the early Church prayed together (Acts 1:14; 4:22-31). Power came not from the number of prayers or the number of people who prayed, but from their unity in prayer. Many local churches today divide the assembly up thinking the more people who pray, the greater the power. The truth is, it is unity in prayer that brings power. Sadly, true corporate prayer is not a common practice in many local churches. 


When the church came together to worship, pray, or to hear ministry, there was freedom for the Spirit to use any brother to lead or edify the assembly (1 Corinthinas 14:26). However, despite the lack of a human leader and human organization there was order. 


"God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints" (1 Corinthians 14:33). The Scriptures give us the order for such gatherings. "Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak" (1 Corinthians 14:34). "...let it be by two, or at the most by three, and that by course" (1 Corinthians 14:27). "For ye may all prophesy one by one, that all may learn, and all may be comforted. (1 Corinthians 14:31). 


Thus in the gathering of a local assembly there will be freedom for the men to lead the assembly in collective worship and prayer, and in the ministry of God's Word. However, they will pray or speak one at a time, and when gathered for the ministry of the Word of God no more than two or three will minister. 


In the early church the gifts of prophecy (direct revelation from God) and speaking with tongues (foreign languages) were present. With the temporary setting aside of the nation of Israel, the formation of the New Testament Assembly, and the passing of the apostles and prophets, the sign gifts have ceased. 


However, one may prophesy today by setting forth the mind of God on a matter as seen in the Scriptures, and when this is done the order of the gathering must follow that given in Scripture (1 Corinthians 14:26-40). The Holy Spirit is to be given freedom to use various brethren and all things must be done in an orderly fashion and to the edification of the church. 

When it comes to the teaching of God's Word, which is different than prophesying and the preaching of the Gospel (Romans 12:6-7), the Scriptures do not prohibit the selection of the teacher or preacher by the assembly. However, the Scriptural teaching regarding the silence of the women and the orderliness of the gathering must be followed. 


In addition to the Spirit's freedom to conduct the gatherings of the local assembly, He will raise up elders, or shepherds, among the Lord's people (1 Peter 5:2). "Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God" (Acts 20:28).  These shepherds must meet the qualifications outlined in Scripture (1 Timothy 3:1-11). There is absolutely no man-made requirements for seminary degrees or ordination. These have been introduced into the Church through the reasoning of man and are foreign to Scripture and have no place in a New Testament church. In a New Testament church there will be no division between the "clergy" and the "laity", as such distinctions are not only foreign to Scripture, but contrary to its very teaching (Matthew 23:9). 


The Bible teaches the "plurality of leadership." No one man is to be recognized as "'The Pastor." The Scriptures never use the terms "elder or pastor" as titles. They are used to describe a mature individual or the work he is doing among the Lord's people. The question has been well asked concerning a one man leadership, "Where in Scriptures is there warrant for one man to be appointed the leader and authority over the church?" The truth is, there is no such warrant. 


The Scriptures also clearly teach that every believer in the Lord Jesus Christ has been given one or more spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12:4). As such, every member of the local partnership of believers is necessary. To have one man do all the teaching or preaching is to say that there is only one individual in the local church with that gift. This, of course, prohibits the use and development of gift by others in the fellowship. [This does not mean that every man has the gift of teaching or preaching the Gospel, and thus the pulpit must not be assigned without consideration of gift.] 


We might ask ourselves, "Where also is the notion that the public ministry of the Word is to be confined to one man in a local church, and that is contingent upon him being ‘ordained' by some human authority?" What saith the Scriptures? 


Summary 


Remember the question when we began, "According to Scripture, how should a local New Testament church function?" We have seen four marks of a New Testament assembly which is gathering and functioning in accordance with God's Word. 


If a local assembly of Christians functions in accordance with God's Word these four things will characterize it. 


1) The Scriptures will be its Charter

2) The Saints will be its Circumference
3) The Savior will be its Center
4) The Spirit will be its Conductor

Many man-made practices and traditions have been brought into the Church which have no grounds in Scripture and are, in fact, contrary to its teaching. What man has interjected into the church has taken away the simplicity of the early church and added much complexity. Despite this obvious fact many today rigorously continue in their practices as if they were sanctioned of God. 

Despite the clear teachings of Scripture on these truths related to the operation of a New Testament church, many ignore them and consider them unimportant. Like Saul, they feel that what they are doing will certainly be pleasing to the Lord, and failing to understand that God desires obedience in all things, even in the operation of a local assembly of believers. 


Remember, there is never justification from deviating from God's revealed will. "Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice" (1 Samuel 15:22). 


A local church should search the Scriptures like the Bereans. "They received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so (Acts 17:11). 


A local church should live by faith, believing God when He speaks, including what He says about the operation of a local New Testament assembly!


-----------
By Steve Hulshizer
Spread The Word
2721 Oberlin Drive 
York, PA 17404





Sunday, December 28, 2014

WHAT I HAVE FOUND - Introduction to New Testament Assembly Principles

It is my privilege in this little booklet to introduce the reader to assemblies of Christian believers attempting to gather according to the pattern found in the New Testament. I write with some hesitation, for my last desire is to exalt man or any group of men. Nevertheless, I feel compelled to share with others the blessing I myself have received from fellowship with this dear company of God's people. 

For six years I pastored churches in a major denomination, having also been born, brought to Christ, and reared in that denomination, by and large a gospel-preaching, Bible-believing denomination. However, personal study of the New Testament teaching concerning the church and the ministry led me to question deeply whether many of the traditions and methods of our churches were Scriptural. At the same time I was gaining an increasing awareness of these simple assemblies of believers, whose beliefs and practices matched to a surprising degree the convictions I was developing through searching the Scriptures. 

After much prayer and agonizing, I felt led of the Spirit-much to the dismay of some-to resign my position as pastor, leave my denomination, and begin to meet with a small group of these brothers and sisters. I have not once regretted this step, nor can I adequately express how greatly my family and I have been blessed by it. I feel it would be both ungrateful and selfish to keep this discovery to myself, particularly since many Christians, though sensing something amiss in their own church traditions, are wholly unaware of even the existence of these assemblies meeting in Scriptural fashion. 

These assemblies are sometimes referred to as "Plymouth Brethren" by others. However this is not a name adopted or recognized by themselves. For they consider themselves simply believers in the Lord Jesus Christ, gathered without denominational titles in His name alone. If the use of a label is necessary, the simple term "brethren" is preferred, since this is not an exclusive name, but one that can be applied equally to all true believers. For sake of convenience we will refer to them as "brethren" assemblies. The quotation marks and the absence of a capital "B" are meant to emphasize that this is not a denomination, nor is it to be mistaken for any denomination (such as the Church of the Brethren, Brethren in Christ, United Brethren, etc.). The "brethren" to which we refer are Christians attempting to meet in New Testament simplicity, recognizing their essential unity with all others in the Body of Christ, regardless of denominational or local church affiliation. 

In the early 1800's the Holy Spirit led numerous Christians to begin meeting in this way. (Plymouth, England was one of the first and largest centers of the work, giving rise to the misnomer, "Plymouth Brethren.") Despite their beginnings as a somewhat despised little flock, the "brethren" quickly made an indelible mark upon evangelical Christianity. Many of the themes commonplace to Bible-believing Christians today, such as the blessed hope of Christ's imminent return, the clear distinction between law and grace, the unique position of the Church in God's purposes, the future blessing of Israel, etc., are truths that were largely recovered from obscurity and popularized by "brethren" writers and Bible teachers. J. N. Darby, F. W. Grant, H. A. Ironside, William Kelly, C. H. Mackintosh, Samuel Ridout, W. E. Vine, and many others. 

It is impossible to overestimate the impact these godly and gifted men have had on evangelical beliefs through the years. I mention this, not to exalt these men or "brethren" as a whole, but because one hearing for the first time about these assemblies might mistakenly think they are another extreme sect, or even a cult, to be avoided. On the contrary, they have played a key role in the history of Bible-believing Christianity over the past two centuries, and they continue to hold without question to the fundamental doctrines of the faith: The deity of Christ, His sacrificial death, bodily resurrection and literal return, salvation through faith alone, the verbal inspiration of Scripture, etc.  

The assemblies are by no means perfect representations of New Testament Christianity, nor is their history without the imprint of human foibles and weakness, for they have had their share of unfortunate quarrels and divisions. No one is more keenly aware of this than "brethren" themselves. Many of the statements I make about them in this booklet are things they themselves would be very hesitant to claim. This is as it should be, for our Lord said, "He that speaketh of himself seeketh his own glory". But as a relative new- comer to the assemblies, I feel I am in a position to speak freely about what I have found without danger of self-aggrandizement. 

Since I write by way of personal testimony, I do not feel compelled to deal in a systematic way with the beliefs and practices of the assemblies. Rather, I want to comment on four specific characteristics that I have found particularly noteworthy and refreshing. 

1. Elimination of the "clergy" as a separate class of believers 

In the simplicity of the early Church, as any honest reader of the New Testament will affirm, there was no such thing as a professional "clergy." The thought of an assembly of believers being led by one man, with ministerial "credentials" and professional training, serving for a stipulated salary-all this is utterly foreign to the New Testament. Rather, the New Testament pattern is that the church is to be led, from the human standpoint, not by a solitary pastor, but by a group of men, normally designated 'elders" or "overseers" in the New Testament. Furthermore, the clear implication is that these elders generally are to be raised up by God within the local bodies, not hired or imported by the churches from without. 

This pattern the assemblies attempt to uphold, and it was this primarily that first attracted me to them. While serving in the traditional role of "pastor" of a denominational church, my study of the New Testament led me to believe that I was occupying essentially a non-Scriptural position. With the New Testament pattern in front of me, I began to see with new eyes some of the tragic results that have come as a result of churches embracing wholesale a non- Scriptural pattern of church leadership. Many local church pastors are godly and dedicated men, but the clerical system-this deplorable division of the saints into "clergy" and "laity"-has wreaked untold havoc in the Church of God. 

One famous coach defined the game of football as, "22 men on the field in desperate need of rest, surrounded by 50,000 spectators in desperate need of exercise." A similar state of affairs exists in most churches today, because of the notion that one must have professional credentials to publicly preach and teach the Word of God or to shepherd the flock of God. Thus the potentially mighty army of God is neatly subdivided into a handful of active duty soldiers and a vast company of spectators, "lay people," who cheer the soldiers on with their attendance at meetings and their financial support. 

Now in all fairness I should say that many pastors deplore this state of affairs as much as anybody. They see their role, not as monopolizing the work of the ministry, but as equipping the saints to share in the ministry. This desired result, however, rarely comes to pass, the reason being that the clergy-laity distinction is the great immobilizer of the saints. The perception is simply too deeply ingrained that certain elements of Christian work are reserved for a special "called" few. 

On one occasion, as I began to see the New Testament truth concerning these things, I shared my burden with some of the men of the church, suggesting that others besides the "pastor" should be involved, for instance, in preaching and teaching the Word in the public meetings of the church. One of the dear men, in all sincerity, replied, "But Pastor, we haven't studied like you have." My first reaction was to ask, "Why not?" For I can say without hesitation that 99 per cent of what I know of the Bible (and pitiably little it is), I have learned, not from theological seminary, but from personal study of the Scriptures and from the writings of godly men, the same resources every saint of God ought to be taking advantage of on a regular basis. In fact, many theologically-trained men would add their voice to mine in admitting that their seminary training, far from qualifying them to expound the riches of the Word of God, was a soul-withering experience from which they had to recover spiritually before being effective in ministering the Word. 

In the assemblies, the spiritual oversight of the flock is exercised by a group of mature, responsible brothers, and public ministry of the Word is shared among various gifted brethren. In addition, there is opportunity at the weekly breaking of bread meeting, as we will see, for any brother, including those who do not regularly minister in public, to share a thought from Scripture. While there are full-time workers among the assemblies-missionaries, evangelists, Bible teachers- the lion's share of the oversight of the assemblies and the public ministry each Lord's Day is in the hands of men who spend their weeks in secular vocations. 

What, then, is the quality of the public ministry in the assemblies, if handled primarily by men who have never had any formal training in theology or homiletics, and who have never been ordained by any church or denomination? I will give my opinion, and it is that the Bible teaching among the assemblies, while often lacking the polished style and spectator appeal (blessed lack!) of the professional, salaried ministry, is on the whole decidedly superior in content. After all, as another has put it, there is a vast difference between being "learned in the Scriptures" and being clever with the Bible. Unfortunately, the latter is the emphasis in many seminary classrooms and at the desks of many pastors, who are faced with preparing two or three "sermons" a week for audiences basically disinterested in the deep truths of the Word of God. 

In contrast, the average speaker in a "brethren" assembly may not know that the points in his outline should all begin with the saame letter of the alphabet, or even that he is supposed to have an outline at all. He has never been taught that he must have a catchy title, enticing introduction, and forceful conclusion. Being poorly informed about all this, he knows no better than to simply stand and unfold the Word of God, verse by verse, and line by line. His poor listeners, being used to no better, do not seem to realize they have been deprived, perhaps because their ears have been trained by long practice to delight in the truth of Scripture, not the packaging in which it is presented. 

Before we leave this topic (about which I have written in more depth in the booklet, "Is the One-Pastor System Scriptural?"), I must mention a most precious spin-off effect I have witnessed from this practice of sharing the public ministry among the men, and that is its effect on the families of the assembly. Who can measure the profound impression made upon a child, week after week, to see his father-not "the preacher", "the pastor", "the minister", but his father-standing and expounding the Word of God. Or rising at the prompting of the Holy Spirit to share a simple thought on the glories of Christ at the Lord's table. And is the blessing of it any less profound for the godly wife and mother sitting next to the child? Oh, is not the heart-cry of so many wives today, "If only my husband were more interested in spiritual things?" Is not the overriding need of the family today that of fathers and husbands who are willing and able to grasp the reins of spiritual leadership? Is not this need mirrored in the churches as well? 

The distressing thing about us as men is that, while we were created for spiritual leadership, we are by nature lax about assuming it. If women will take the spiritual lead, most men will be content to let them. If a professional pastor is available to do the preaching, teaching, witnessing, counseling, etc., most men will very comfortably slip into the spectator role. In the "brethren" assemblies, though, the men are encouraged, expected, and given the opportunity to exercise their gifts-there is no one else to do it! And they see this modeled before them by other men, whom they know to be neither seminary-trained, ordained, nor paid, ministering the Word, shepherding the flock, and doing other ministry work. It is beautiful to see how under these circumstances men rise to the occasion, with untold benefits accruing to the church and spilling over into the home. 

2. Obedience to the teaching of Scripture concerning the role of women in the assembly 

This leads us to another characteristic of the assemblies, one that many find particularly objectionable, and that is their literal obedience to the instructions of Scripture concerning the role of women in the assembly. These instructions are found in such passages as 1 Corinthians 11 and 14, and 1 Timothy 2. They are completely opposite to the spirit of the age; perhaps this is why they are so attacked, ignored, or compromised, even by professed lovers of the Word of God. 

The discovery that the wearing of headcoverings during meetings is prevalent among the women in the assemblies is a shock and offense to many. It places the assemblies a small step above snake-handling cultists in the minds of some! For our part, my wife and I found in this the final confirmation, as I shall explain, that we should begin to meet with these brothers and sisters. 

For years we had heard various explanations of the New Testament teaching on the role of women. Typically, these explanations focused on the local cultural situations that supposedly gave rise to the teaching, such as the alleged prominence of temple harlots in Corinth accounting for Paul's insistence on head coverings and the silence of women in the meetings. These explanations never quite rang true with us. For one thing, it never seemed right that a knowledge of ancient Greco-Roman social history should be prerequisite to a proper interpretation of Scripture, particularly where a culturally-based interpretation appeared to set aside the plain teaching of the passage. At any rate, whenever one of the sisters would rise to address the church in some way, and when, on one occasion, our Sunday School selected a woman to teach a mixed class of men and women, we had a gnawing feeling that all was not as it should be. 

This came to a head when one of the precious ladies of the church came to me, disturbed because she had been reading some of the Scriptural teachings in this area. She wanted to know if they meant what they said, and if so, why we were not obeying them! I told her this bothered me too, and that, although I wasn't sure about the proper interpretation of those passages, I would study the matter further and try to arrive at a conclusion. This was during the same period I mentioned earlier, during which I was wrestling with the other facets of the New Testament pattern for the church. My ultimate conclusion was that, yes, all of these Scriptures meant what they said, and only an approach to the Word polluted by tradition and the spirit of the age has kept the Church from taking them at face value. 

When someone suggests taking literally Scriptures relating to women in the churches, and suggests that women are, in fact, to "remain silent" in the meetings and are not permitted to teach, they are likely to hear the rejoinder: "Well then, I suppose you believe women should wear head coverings, too!" As if, of course, this were a ludicrous thought and the mere mention of it should send one scurrying apologetically for a more enlightened interpretation. In a sense, there is truth to that rejoinder, for to take one clear instruction to the Church literally and not another is patent inconsistency. But is the proper solution to take neither seriously? Is it not rather to submit to both-to all? 

Now, perhaps, you will understand why we rejoiced to hear of the wearing of head-coverings by the women of the assemblies. It evidenced to us that here at last were believers attempting to conform to the whole of the New Testament pattern for the church, not playing pick and choose. Here were assemblies not frightened off from obeying the Word of God by the fact that their obedience would place them squarely at odds with the prevailing views of worldlings and Christendom alike. 

The wearing of headcoverings is not something that is rigidly imposed in a legalistic spirit. In most of the assemblies it is done in a sweet, voluntary spirit by the women, who are its strongest proponents. Nor are visitors to the meetings made to feel uncomfortable or compelled to conform in this area. There is no yoke of bondage here. Most of the sisters delight in being allowed in this way to model before the whole church their submission to their "head,'' and thus the proper submission of the Church to Christ. And by their obedience in this small way, Christ is honored, families are strengthened, young girls are taught the beauty of womanhood, and men are challenged to spiritual headship. 

If anyone feels this to be oppressive, let him take the trouble to ask the sisters if they feel oppressed. Let him note their countenances as they explain the beautiful spiritual reality behind this outward expression. Let him observe the behavior of the daughters, and soberly compare their character, maturity, and spirituality with that of their peers. Let him trace in the home life, the marriage life, and the demeanor of the children the influence, not of the wearing of the head-covering itself, but of the dual spirit of joyful submission by the wife and active leadership by the husband which is taught, nurtured, and sustained by this outward symbol. Then let him ask his own heart if these are the fruits one would expect to blossom from an oppressive legalism. 

Let him conclude by inquiring of those who nicely set aside the commandment of God by the traditions of men, if the New Testament instructions to women in the churches applied only, in their literal sense, and to the specific addressees, in view of certain cultural exigencies? Where can the sisters today find authoritative instruction in light of our own cultural emergency? Was the need in first-century Corinth greater than today, with gender roles so hopelessly confused and godly womanhood under concerted and vicious attack such as the world has never seen'? If a clear word from the Lord was necessary then, is it not more so now'? Indeed it is. And those who are joyfully submitting to the teaching of Scripture in this area are shining like lights in the world in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation. 

3. Exaltation of the Person and Work of Christ 

I can say with gratitude that, even before I left the denominational church, "brethren" writers were the ones who taught me to glory in the Person and work of Christ Jesus. Books like Notes on Leviticus, by C. H. Mackintosh, Lectures on the Epistle to the Hebrews and Lectures on the Tabernacle by Samuel Ridout, began to foster in me a deep attraction to His Person and a solid doctrinal, rather than sentimental, appreciation of His work. In short, an appetite for Christ in His manifold loveliness that I had never before known. Since casting my lot with the "brethren", I have often had cause to give thanks to God for the constant upholding of the glories of Christ in these humble assemblies of the Lord's people, and to wonder that I was so long content with a shallow, insipid, and sentimental appreciation of Him. 

And can it be denied that this accurately describes the view of Christ usually presented in current evangelical preaching, teaching, and literature? Is it not rarely that the presentation of the Cross goes beyond the physical sufferings of Christ and the assertion that "He died for our sins"? The latter is a glorious truth, no question, and perhaps the extent to which sinners can comprehend the work of Christ, but it hardly exhausts the glory of the Cross for the saints. To borrow the imagery of the Levitical offerings, ought we to stop with the trespass offering-though it be a true and blessed aspect of Christ's work-and neglect those aspects of His mighty sacrifice unfolded in the sin- offering, the peace offeering, and the burnt-offering Ah, the burnt offering-highest and most beautiful of all the typical sacrifices! Christ's work presented, not as it affects man, but as it is viewed by God. Christ pictured, not as our sin-bearer, but as the devoted One who delighted to do the will of God, even unto death. And who in turn was the delight of the Father's heart, even-yes, especially-in His death. It is Christ through the eternal Spirit offering Himself without spot to God (Hebrews 9:14). Who can fathom the sweetness of that offering's aroma to God! Yet- let the reader be the judge-how often do most believers hear of these things? 

If current teaching on Christ's work is shallow and unsatisfying, teaching on His glorious Person is practically non-existent. While most-though by no means all-evangelical believers could, upon questioning, produce the orthodox answer that Christ is both God and Man, I fear that any deeper probing would most certainly produce embarrassing and disturbing results. What of the impeccability of Christ? Could He have sinned? Did His humanity struggle against temptation as we do? Did He lay aside certain attributes of His deity when He 'became flesh'?" What about His incorruptible manhood? Was it subject to sickness and death? How is His wondrous Person illustrated in the Tabernacle, the offerings of Leviticus, and other Old Testament types? Why are there four Gospels? Which aspect of Christ is particularly presented in each? Even where such questions can be answered with theological correctness, is there a real heart for Christ, a constant gazing upon Him, a deep and daily feeding upon this One who is the "Bread come down from Heaven?" 

I desire to tread carefully here, for generalities are always dangerous, and nothing could be more incongruous than boasting about one's apprehension of Christ, whether as an individual or as a group of churches. So I hope the reader will understand the spirit in which I write, and will forgive me if, as one who has been immeasurably blessed, I desire to share that blessing with others. For my personal observation is that, whatever weaknesses may certainly be noted in "brethren" assemblies, there is by and large a keener delight in and apprehension of the Person and work of Christ than can normally be found elsewhere. I understand if the reader should take issue with this statement, and I have never heard any in the assemblies claim this for themselves, but I cannot but speak what I have seen and heard. 

One of my first surprises after I began to meet with the small assembly of "brethren" was the arrival of a series of special meetings with a visiting speaker. My background had taught me to expect such events to be preceded by plenty of build-up and promotion. Crowned by the arrival of the travelling star preacher, who, if he were not a former professional athlete or other celebrity, would at least be a riveting speaker, primed to deliver an arsenal of dynamic, well-rehearsed sermons on a variety of topics. If such I expected, I was disappointed, for what I saw was an eager group of believers gathering, without coaxing or prodding, to hear an unpretentious servant of Christ give a few warm-hearted messages on the life of our Lord from the book of Mark. 

This same spirit I have noted since then, expressing itself in many ways. For instance, in a day when Christian bookstores are filled with trendy topical studies, Christian fiction, and secular self-help psychology coated with a thin Christian lacquer, among what other circle of believers could a book written a century and a half ago and entitled, Short Meditations on the Moral Glory of the Lord Jesus Christ, still have wide circulation? This simple fascination with Christ has much to do, I believe, with what we will mention next, the breaking of bread as practiced weekly by the assemblies. It is this practice of gathering weekly, under the leadership of the Holy Spirit alone, for the purpose of remembering the Lord in the way He requested that more than anything else, I believe, has given rise to this ardent zeal for the Person and work of Christ. As we sometimes sing at the Lord's Supper: 

Our song then forever shall be 
Of the Shepherd who gave Himself thus; 
No subject's so glorious as He, 
No theme so affecting to us. 

I say to my brothers and sisters in the assemblies, let us beware lest we be moved away from the simplicity of devotion to Christ. And, while we in one breath give thanks to God for our rich heritage in this, let us in the next confess that we, too, have drunk far too timidly of this vast reservoir. There are whole regions of Christ's glory that lie unexplored and unappreciated because of our laxity and dullness of spirit. How little we really know of Him! Let us confess our lack and then let us "follow on to know the Lord!" 

4. Weekly remembrance of the Lord through the breaking of bread 

While Scripture gives no hard and fast requirement concerning the frequency of the Lord's Supper, it is clear that the practice of the New Testament Church was to observe it each Lord's Day (Acts 20:7; 1 Corinthians 11:1 7ff., etc.). Not only so, but it was the central focus of their gathering. This was another area I began to be strongly exercised about in my conscience as I studied the New Testament pattern for the Church. 

Acts 2:42 lists the breaking of bread as one of four items, along with the apostles' teaching, fellowship, and prayer, to which the early Church "devoted themselves" Of how many churches today can it remotely be said that they devote themselves to the breaking of bread'? In the church where I pastored, as well as most other churches I knew, the Scriptural phrase, "as often as ye eat this bread and drink this cup", had been amended, for all practical purposes, to "as seldom as ye eat this bread and drink this cup". 

When told that "brethren" assemblies follow the New Testament pattern of observing the Lord's Supper each Lord's Day, a common reaction by those who have never witnessed this observance in its Scriptural simplicity and beauty is, "I wouldn't want to have the Lord's Supper every week!" Nor would I, if it were done in the fashion common to most evangelical churches today. Such a stale and staid ritual, encrusted still with remnants of Roman Catholic superstition (such as the necessity of the elements being "administered" by a "clergyman"), could hardly be expected to command the affections of the heart. Looking back on my years in the pastorate, I remember dreading even the paltry three or four times a year when the Lord's Supper was scheduled. But now, the breaking of bread has become a keen delight, to the point that I feel greatly deprived if forced by circumstances to miss it. 

Let me attempt to describe, for those who have never seen it, the typical breaking of bread meeting among the assemblies. The time varies, with some assemblies having this as their first meeting on Sunday morning, others preferring the evening hour. The saints gather with the Lord's table before them. In some cases they are seated in circular fashion with the table in the midst; in others the table is at the front of the gathering place. Perhaps the first thing the visitor notices is the simplicity of the meeting hall. "Brethren" are not known for their elaborate worship facilities. But the most striking feature of this gathering to one unaccustomed to such meeting is that there is no one officiating, presiding, or directing the meeting-no one, that is, other than the Holy Spirit. 

Soon, one of the brothers, as he feels led, will begin the meeting, perhaps by giving out a hymn. Then another brother may read a brief passage from the Scriptures which is in keeping with the purpose of the gathering. Yet another might lead in prayer. And thus the meeting continues, with different men of the assembly taking part-not professional "ministers," but businessmen, engineers, farmers, carpenters, and others, from every occupation and station in life. One will have a hymn, another a Scripture reading or prayer of thanksgiving, all centered around the Person and redeeming work of the Savior. The sisters play a vital part as they join in singing the hymns and in the silent prayer and worship which so largely sets the spiritual tone of the meeting. None of this is orchestrated or planned in advance, though occasionally visitors have been so impressed with the harmony of the thoughts expressed that they could scarcely believe it was not arranged beforehand. No, the only preparation for this meeting is the heart preparation of the brothers and sisters in self-examination and meditation on the Scriptures. 

After a time, one of the brothers will give thanks for the bread. Then he takes it from the table, and the believers pass it one to another. Thanks is then given for the cup, and it is distributed. Again, the men taking the lead in this are not chosen beforehand, nor do they have to be elders or deacons, or members of any other approved class. Truly, here is the priesthood of believers, not in word, but in deed. Shortly after the taking of the bread and cup, the meeting is usually closed, characteristically with a hymn. An offering is generally taken at some time during the meeting. There is a strong feeling among the assemblies that no offering should be taken in a meeting to which the unconverted are invited, not only because it may give offense to some, but because it is deemed improper for God's work to be financed by the gifts of unbelievers. Thus the collection is made during the breaking of bread meeting, for believers only, rather than the public preaching and teaching meetings. 

The Lord's Supper is often called the "Worship Meeting," and so it is. Some visitors might think the mood rather solemn, for there is little outward demonstration. There are often extended periods of silence, but these are not awkward times of "waiting for someone to say something," but times of rich reflection and meditation. "What a sight!" writes John Ritchie, the dear old Scottish saint. "Every eye is fixed on Christ; every heart is satisfied". 

Recently, at the invitation of a friend, I spent a Saturday evening at a Christian gathering in the local convention hall. By the time I arrived, the crowd of perhaps four or five hundred was well into the "praise and worship" time of the meeting, swaying to the driving pulse of the music and expressing their praise in very demonstrative ways. The speaker for the evening, a very popular Christian leader, took the platform, He delivered what amounted to a shallow motivational talk, consisting largely of a string of anecdotes, laced with humor that at times bordered on irreverence. I left with a deep concern about what I had just witnessed. 

The next morning, being the Lord's Day, found me with thirty or forty saints humbly gathered around the Lord's table. No dynamic speaker, no trendy music, no ostentatious display. In short, nothing to appeal to the flesh at all. Just the Lord's people humbly remembering Him in the way He requested. I could not help but feel that this, while falling far short of the previous night's gathering in entertainment value, breathed far more the authentic spirit of the New Testament Church. 

Yet many of those who had been present on Saturday night would surely look at this little meeting with a mixture of pity and scorn. "How dry! Where's the emotion?" they say. Could it be they don't see the dear saint of God sitting there head in hands, even after several decades of faithful service to Christ, shaking his head in amazement as he contemplates the astounding grace of God and the preciousness of the One who died for him? Do they not notice, over here, a godly father and husband, pausing to wipe the tears from his eyes as the little group sings: 

When we see Thee as the victim, 
Nailed to the accursed tree, 
For our guilt and folly stricken, 
All our judgment borne by Thee, 
Lord, we own, with hearts adoring, 
Thou hast loved us in Thy blood; 
Glory, glory everlasting 
Be to Thee, Thou Lamb of God! 

Somber? No joy? Who but one who has known it can describe the inestimable sense of satisfaction, the deep welling up of joy within as the heart looks utterly away from itself and fixes its gaze upon Him in whom all Heaven finds its delight, and upon the vast incomprehensible work which He has so perfectly wrought. Here truly is rest for the conscience, fullness for the heart, and joy-not a joy that can be easily expressed, but "joy unspeakable and full of glory". 

Yes, whether it is the Scriptural pattern for church leadership, the role of women in the churches, the prominence of the Lord's Supper, or any other area of church life, we will invariably find that following the pattern laid down by the Holy Spirit in Scripture produces blessed results. We are fools to think otherwise. The New Testament instructions to the churches are not impractical, outdated things to be swept under the rug by exegetical sleight-of-hand. Rather, they are precious lamps lighting the Church's way through this dark age, and those who can say with the Psalmist, "I turned my feet unto thy testimonies", will surely find them a more trustworthy guide than the opinions and traditions of men. 

Some Final Words 

I pray that in my desire to share the blessing I have received, I have not unwittingly painted "brethren" assemblies in larger than life strokes. No doubt, a thousand booklets this size and more could be written on their weaknesses, defects, and mistakes. Anyone seeking perfection, or anything near it, among any group of saints this side of glory is bound for disappointment. These few pages are nothing more than the personal testimony of one who, like the lepers in Elisha's day, has found great spoil and cannot in good conscience hold his peace. My God bless and use them for His own glory. 

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By Mark Frees

Published by:

Spread the Word

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